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Toll-Like Receptor 2 Mediates In Vivo Pro- and Anti-inflammatory Effects of Mycobacterium Tuberculosis and Modulates Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis Alessia Piermattei, Giuseppe Migliara, Gabriele Di Sante, Maria Foti, Soren Bohos Hayrabedyan, Angela Papagna, Maria Concetta Geloso, Maddalena Corbi, Mariagrazia Valentini, Alessandro Sgambato, Giovanni Delogu, Gabriela Constantin and Francesco Ria* A Subset of Patients with Acute Myeloid Leukemia Has Leukemia Cells Characterized by Chemokine Responsiveness and Altered Expression of Transcriptional as well as Angiogenic Regulators Annette K....

by Michelle Ponto, science writer With the oil situation stealing news headlines and the need for clean energy a growing concern, a group of scientists have rekindled interest in developing new solutions in the transport of fluids in porous media. Oil effects the economy, the environment, and in some cases, political situations within a region. One of the problems is that approximately half of the oil remains in the ground when a reservoir has yielded all it can with today’s technology....

By Tayyibah Aziz, science writer Many existing marine protected areas fail to adequately consider the needs of sharks, rays, and chimaeras, as data about many species is limited. In a new publication, scientists have developed a new framework to consider the species’ biological and ecological needs and inform planning to secure the protection they desperately need in the face of extinction. To date, shark, ray, and chimaera species have not been sufficiently considered in the planning of marine protected areas....

Technische Universität Clausthal (TU Clausthal) formed an institutional membership agreement for open access publishing with Frontiers. This institutional agreement means that TU Clausthal supported researchers may publish in any Frontiers journal at no cost to them and with a simplified process. The university library TU Clausthal its researchers in making their research more widely available. This agreement will further encourage TU Clausthal researchers to publish open access, increasing the volume of research openly available....

Announcement of the the winners of the Frontiers in Physics Prize Draw at the American Physical Society meeting in Denver, March 2014! The winners of the draw each won a waiver for submitting their next research article toFrontiers in Physics free of charge: J. D. Burton, University of Nebraska Ivar Martin, Argonne National Laboratory Andrew Konya, Kent State University Frontiers in Physics is a community driven, open-access journal for peer reviewed publications in all Physics areas and offers a myriad of advantages for authors....

Duke, Rutgers & University of Pennsylvania researchers show for first time how writing about past failures helps boost future performance: Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience New study is the first to show that writing critically about past setbacks leads to lower stress responses, better choices and better performance on a new stressful task. — By Srividya Sundaresan Insights from past failures can help boost performance on a new task — and a new study is the first to explain why....

We are very pleased to announce the launch of the first specialty sections of Frontiers in Communication, a new peer-reviewed, open-access journal: Disaster Communications (led by Chief Editor Prof. Liaquat Hossain); Health Communication (led by Chief Editor Prof. Mohan Jyoti Dutta); Language Sciences (led by Chief Editor Prof. Manuel Carreiras); Organizational Psychology (led by Chief Editor Prof. Richard Boyatzis); and Science and Environmental Communication (led by Chief Editor Prof. Tarla Rai Peterson)....

We are delighted to announce that Cranfield University has established an institutional membership agreement for open access publishing with Frontiers. The Cranfield University Library Service supports its researchers in making their research more widely available. As part of this support, Cranfield University has entered an institutional agreement with Frontiers. Under the terms of this agreement, eligible authors from Cranfield University may publish in specified Frontiers journals at no cost to them and with a simplified process....

Chronic testicular inflammation in obese men might contribute to poor sperm quality and reduced fertility Chronic testicular inflammation in obese men might contribute to poor sperm quality and reduced fertility. – By Conn Hastings A new study sheds light on how obesity may contribute to male infertility. Published in open-access journal Frontiers in Physiology, the study reports that obese men have increased levels of inflammatory markers in their seminal fluid and lower sperm quality, both of which correlate with their body mass index (BMI)....

by Ben Stockton​, Journal Operations Assistant ​In an interview with a former student, the late Frank Sherwood Rowland recalled the moment when, after returning home from the lab, his wife asked him how his work was going. He replied, “The work is going well, but it looks like the end of the world”. The frivolity of the prophesy in the early 1970s of Rowland, a former atmospheric chemist at the University of California, Irvine, is clear....

A neuroimaging study shows that social exclusion can contribute to the development of extremism in those vulnerable to radicalization; Frontiers in Psychology A neuroimaging study shows that social exclusion can contribute to the development of extremism in those vulnerable to radicalization — by Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona A study led by researchers from the Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB) and the Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), in collaboration with other international institutions, explored the neural and behavioral relationships between sacred values, violent extremism and social exclusion in a group of young Moroccan men living and schooled in Catalonia and vulnerable to radicalization...

By Mischa Dijkstra, Frontiers science writer A long-term ‘UK Biobank’ study on almost 400,000 people finds little or no evidence that differences in the amount of consumed cooked or uncooked vegetables affects the risk of cardiovascular disease. When known socio-economic and lifestyle confounding factors are corrected for, the small apparent positive effect that remains could likely also be explained away by further confounders. A sufficient intake of vegetables is important for maintaining a balanced diet and avoiding a wide range of diseases....

By Colm Gorey, Science Communications Manager A team of scientists has developed a free, open-access VR program that allows anyone to interact with single-cell datasets using a headset costing less than $10. Previous tools used to view single-cell data visualizations in VR have been limited to the most expensive hardware, costing upwards of $2,500. The team’s findings have been published in Frontiers in Genetics. While often thought of as being limited to expensive hardware for dedicated gamers, virtual reality (VR) has become a lot more affordable in recent years with entry-level hardware – such as Google Cardboard – costing less than $10....

Inland Norway University of Applied Sciences (Høgskolen I Innlandet / INN) supports their authors in publishing open access. As part of this support, Inland Norway University of Applied Sciences will cover Article Processing Charges (APCs) for eligible articles centrally for their eligible authors. Furthermore, the Inland Norway University of Applied Sciences will benefit from a 10% membership discount under the terms of the UNIT Open Access Publishing Framework Agreement. Eligible authors are corresponding authors affiliated with Inland Norway University of Applied Sciences....

We are delighted to announce that Leuphana University of Lüneburg (Leuphana Universität Lüneburg) has established an institutional membership agreement for open access publishing with Frontiers. The University Library of Leuphana University of Lüneburg supports its researchers in making their research more widely available. As part of this support, Leuphana University of Lüneburg has entered an institutional agreement with Frontiers. Under the terms of this agreement, eligible authors from Leuphana University of Lüneburg may publish in any Frontiers journal at no cost to them and with a simplified process....

With an Impact Factor of 3.394, Frontiers in Physiology is the 3rd most-cited journal in its field Frontiers in Physiology is the world’s 3rd most-cited journal in its field and ranks in the top Impact Factor and CiteScore percentiles Frontiers in Physiology continues to rank among the world’s top physiology journals in terms of influence and quality, as shown by our analysis of the 2017 Journal Citation Reports (JCR-2017; 2018, Clarivate Analytics), 2017 CiteScore edition (2018, Scopus, Elsevier) and other impact metrics....

The Coevolution section provides a unique platform to address the processes, mechanisms, importance, and outcomes of coevolution. Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution is delighted to announce the launch of a new specialty section on Coevolution. The section is led by Prof. Monica Medina from Pennsylvania State University and Prof. Elizabeth Arnold from the University of Arizona. “Coevolutionary processes are fundamental to the form and function of all life on earth,” explain Professors Medina and Arnold....

Recent study shows prebiotic fibers can help to protect beneficial gut bacteria and restore healthy sleep patterns after a stressful event. Recent study shows prebiotic fibers can help to protect beneficial gut bacteria and restore healthy sleep patterns after a stressful event. — Srividya Sundaresan What are some ways you cope with stresses in your life? Do you do yoga? Meditate? Exercise? Perhaps you should add taking prebiotics to that list....

Catches of these fishes have increased over the last six decades around the world: Frontiers in Marine Science — by University of British Columbia A new study by an international team of scientists reveals that recreational catches of these fishes have gradually increased over the last six decades around the world, now accounting for 5-6 per cent of the total catches taken for leisure or pleasure. In their paper published in Frontiers in Marine Science, the experts explain that almost 1 million tonnes of fish are being extracted from marine waters by recreational fishers every year....

For the first time, researchers in the field of evolutionary robotics have used physically embodied robots to study epigenetic effects on robot evolution. For the first time, researchers in the field of evolutionary robotics have used physically embodied robots to study epigenetic effects on robot evolution. The study confirms the great importance of taking epigenetic factors into account and provides a conceptual and physical methodology for this type of research....